Art. 23-17-9), Time period restrictions before placed on the ballot: Ninety days before the first day of the legislative session and the first five measures make it on the ballot (Miss. Allowed to pay another for their signature: Prohibited (O.R.C. Timeline for taking effect: For statutes, unless specified otherwise, Oct. 1 following approval. Take a minute to check out all the enhancements! Ballot title and summary: Secretary of state in consultation with the attorney general, but the full text of the measure is included if it is not too long (NDCC, 16.1-06-09). If attorney general does not approve the statement, he or she prepares one. The descriptive title, which is printed below the official title on the ballot, is written by the secretary of state with the approval of the attorney general. These serve as the ballot title. What is on each petition: The cover of the petition must contain the name and address of the chief petitioners, the measure summary and a statement as to whether circulators are being paid. Cannot have been found guilty of a criminal felony or a violation of election laws, fraud, forgery or identification theft, Cannot have been convicted of or pled guilty to crimes involving forgery. In California (Cal.Const. a. . Signature gathering begins on a date specified by the secretary of state and cannot be less than 15 or more than 30 days from the date when all appeals and rehearings have been resolved or have expired. Petition title and summary creation: Lieutenant governor (Const. Conflicting measures: Voters may choose one or reject both. For example, Australia defines 'referendum' as a vote to change the constitution and 'plebiscite' as a vote which does not . Sponsor, approved by secretary of state, reviewed by attorney general, 10 ILCS 5/28-5; 10 ILCS 5/16-6; 5 ILCS 20/2. The most common requirements: that they be at least 18 years old, a citizen, a registered voter and/or a resident of the state. Two-thirds vote (or majority after seven years). 19, 1 and NRS 293.127563). 3, 20), Verification: Certified by the registrar (21-A M.R.S.A. Allowed to pay another for their signature: Prohibited (AS 15.45.340(c)). First general election to be held not less than 30 days after the filing ofthe petition. 11 3), Who can sign the petition: Registered voter in the county in which the petition circulates (F.S.A. Art. 6), Collected in-person: Yes (34 Okl.St.Ann. Art. Art. Art. Number of signatures required: 5% of total votes cast for all candidates for governor in the last general election (Const. Acts making appropriations for the expense of the state government or a state institution existing at the time of the passage of such act. Circulator oaths or affidavits: Yes (34 Okl.St.Ann. What is on each petition: Must include a summary of not more than 100 words of the purpose of the proposed question, statement by signers, warning and check boxes to indicate whether circulator is paid or volunteer (MCL 168.482). Art. Ballot measure committees must also provide an initial disclosure report 15 days after the committee begins raising or spending money, with subsequent quarterly reports until the pre-election report is due. Art. To share with more than one person, separate addresses with a comma. Art. III, 3 and NDCC 16.1-01-09(3)). Art. Art. Must be 18 or older and a U.S. citizen (M.C.L.A. License petition entity must register with secretary of state and obtain license (C.R.S.A. Ballot title and summary: The board of state canvassers (M.C.L.A. Art. Subject restrictions: Laws immediately necessary for the preservation of the public peace, health, or safety, or for the support and maintenance of the departments of the state government and state institutions are not subject to the referendum (Const. Code Ann. 5, 1). Repeal or change restrictions: Two-thirds vote required to amend or repeal, and governor may not veto (Ne.Rev.St. Stat. Art. Circulator oaths or affidavits: Official sponsors must sign at least two-thirds of the petitions (DCL 2-1-1.2). Art. Same if an alternate measure is proposed (M.C.L.A. Proponent financial disclosure requirements: Must file a statement of organization as a political committee within two weeks of organizing or within two weeks of the date the first contribution or expenditure is expected (RCW 42.17A.205). Ballot title and summary: Director of elections, with approval of state board of canvassers, drafts a statement of purpose of not more than 100 words for the ballot (MCL 168.32(2)). ; The referendum process allows citizens to refer a law that passed the legislature to the ballot for voters to decide whether to uphold or repeal the law. Arizona. If the attorney general does not approve of the statement, he or she prepares one themselves (MCA 13-27-312). Who can sign the petition: Registered voters (A.C.A. 15, 273). 1-40-104, 1-40-105, 1-40-111, 1-40-135). Stat. Geographic distribution: None, but petition sheets are organized by county (A.R.S. 353), What is on each petition: Fiscal impact statement, summary by secretary of state, name of circulator and statement on right of signer to read summary and fiscal statement before signing, and instructions from secretary of state (21-A MRSA 901, 903). 23 States have a popular referendum process. Petition title and summary creation: Attorney general (I.C. Proponent financial disclosure requirements: Include but may not be limited to that proponent or opponent groups for a ballot proposition are considered political issue committees unless they meet certain criteria such as not expending more than $5,000, and political issue committees register and report financially (U.C.A. 2, 1), Ballot title and summary: Attorney general (RCWA 29A.72.050), Time period restrictions before placed on the ballot: No additional statute. Legislature or other government official review: The legislature may determine method of determining fiscal impact (NDCC Const. 5, 3; 34 Okl.St.Ann. 295.0575), North Dakota (NDCC Const. Ballot title and summary: Secretary of the commonwealth drafts a fair, concise summary that appears on petitions and on the ballot (Const. 7-9-107). For constitutional amendments, 10% of votes cast for governor in last election. Art. 2; Neb. Timeline for collecting signatures: None except when collecting the second 3 % of signatures of votes in last election for governor, the deadline is 90 days (OH Const. II, 1g; Art. 1-40-116). Proponent organization and requirements: No later than thirty (30) days after a proposed bill is submitted for certification, the committee of applicants the names of 100 registered voters who will act as sponsors. The secretary of state employs a representative random sampling using questionnaires, postcards, telephone calls, personal interviews, etc, or any combinations thereof, to determine the validity of the signatures (NDCC, 16.1-01-10). 5% of the whole number of votes cast for governor in the last election. For amendments, 10 % of the total qualified electors of the state (MT CONST Art. 5, 5; M.G.L.A. IDEA. Who creates petitions: Petition filed by proponents is certified by attorney general, ballot board, and secretary of state (O.R.C. Must obtain a petition entity license before circulating petitions or paying circulators. 4, 5), Forty percent in Mississippi (MS Const. 1953 20A-7-211). V, 3 and OK Stat. Majority to pass: For statutory initiatives, a majority at a single general election. Secretary of state shall print pamphlet of statements in support and against the measures along with the attorney general's title, explanation, and clear statement of a yes or no vote, and if possible, a fiscal statement (SDCL 12-13-23 and 25.1). 168.482; 168.544c, Mississippi: Miss. Proponent and approved by the attorney general, is the title for both the petition and ballot. Code 9006). XVI, 1), Timeline for taking effect: Thirty days after the election (Ohio Const. Tit. Const. 7-9-104; 7-9-108), General review of petition: Exact petition copy filed with secretary of state and approval of title by attorney general (A.C.A. In all states, a qualified popular referendum may be placed on the ballot in a statewide general election. Law 6-207(c)). 34-1801a), Ballot title and summary: Attorney general (I.C. Art. 3, 8). Art. Art. Const. II, 1g; O.R.C. 9 23), Application process information: File application with secretary of state, including organization name and officers and other information, summary and text of proposed law, and must also file a statement of its organization (A.R.S. d. a start-up e. an employer f. a consumer In suburbia p. 193 The giant of Africa p. 192 1. a. is making b. Montana: Reviews done by attorney general and legislative services division. 3, 52). Most states require that the petition bear a title and/or summary of the proposed measure. 3, 1 and SDCL 2-1-1 and 2-1-5). Art. Submission deadline for signatures: No later than six months after the adjournment of the legislature which passed the act (Const. Rev. 1-40-105). V, 3 and OK Stat. II, 1b). If the legislature fails to enact the proposal as written, sponsors then go through a second stage of signature gathering. Art II, 9). Withdrawal process of individual signature: None, "An elector's name may not be removed by the elector from a petition that has been submitted to and received by the secretary of state" (NDCC 16.1-01-09(5)). Thirteen states require publication in a newspaper: Arizona, Arkansas, Florida, Illinois, Maine, Michigan, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, Ohio, Oklahoma and Utah. Sponsors of advertising must file a report within 24 hours of the time the advertisement is published, mailed or otherwise revealed to the public if the advertisement qualifies as an independent expenditure or has a fair market value or actual cost of $1,000 or more. Allowed to pay another for their signature: Prohibited (W.S.1977 22-24-323). 22-24-412). Paid per signature: Yes, and reporting is required (21-A MRS 903-A(5)). 19-125), Time period restrictions before placed on the ballot: No statute, Conflicting measures: The measure that receives the greatest number of affirmative votes (A.R.S. 116.030). States with direct initiatives (19): Arizona, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Florida, Idaho, Illinois, Michigan, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, South Dakota, Utah, Washington, States with indirect initiatives (10): Alaska, Maine, Massachusetts, Michigan, Mississippi, Nevada, Ohio, Utah, Washington, Wyoming. Ballot title and summary: Attorney general (Elec. IV, 1). Application process information: State Board of Elections is empowered to adopt regulations specifying procedures for filing and circulating petitions (Elec. Art. IV, 1(3)). States sometimes limit how soon a measure can be re-attempted. Like the initiative and referendum, recall originated in Switzerland, where it was made applicable to the entire legislature as well as to individual officials. Art. Timeline for taking effect: Thirty days after it is enacted or approved by a majority of the votes cast (OR CONST Art. In every state, petitions must follow guidelines, which vary by state. Law 6-103). Who creates petitions: Lieutenant governor (U.C.A. Withdrawal of petition: Chief petitioners may withdraw at any time before submitting the signatures for verification. Repeal or change restrictions: None (Const.
Direct Democracy in California: History and Functions Which election: General election, unless the legislature orders a special election (Const. Must file a statement of formation as a political action committee within 10 days of formation. Art. May only amend structural and procedural subjects contained in Article IV. 187; Okl.St.Ann. 116.030). Art. The sponsor may file a written notice to withdraw the initiative with the secretary of state. What is on each petition: The format of the petition may be submitted to the chief election official of the appropriate election authority, in advance of filing the petition, for a determination of its sufficiency (Elec. 15, 273), Who can sign the petition: Qualified electors (MS Const. Circulator requirements: Must be qualified to register to vote pursuant to 16-101. Must file measure's full text and three designated sponsors who are Wyoming voters to act as official sponsors of the campaign. Who creates petitions: Sponsors (RCW 29A.72.100). Which election: Regular general election, unless otherwise ordered by the legislative assembly (Const. Art. Where to file: Secretary of state (Const. 2, 10). See Elec. 1-40-123), Majority to pass: Amendments require 55 % (C.R.S.A. 903-C). Laws authorizing any classification of property for the purpose of levying different rates of taxation thereon or of authorizing the levy of any single tax on land or land values or land sites at a higher rate or by a different rule than is or may be applied to improvements thereon or to personal property. [2] Three initiatives were on the California ballot the next year, in 1912, when measures 6, 7 and 8 -- to consolidate local governments, prohibit bookmaking, and set procedures for local taxation -- were all defeated. In some states, the question is worded such that a yes vote is in favor of the law subject to referendum, while in others, a yes vote is in favor of repealing the law that is the subject of the referendum. Art. Art. 1953 20A-11-101; 20A-11-801; 20A-11-802; 20A-11-803, Washington: RCWA 42.17A.005; 42.17A; 42.17A.205, Wyoming: W.S.1977 22-1-102; 22-24-201; 22-24-306, California: Cal.Elec.Code 9008, 9009, 9012, Florida: F.S.A. Application process information: At least five sponsors must apply, each of whom is registered to vote in Utah. Art. III, 52(a)). Art. 15, Sec. Circulator requirements: 18 years old and a resident of South Dakota; no registered sex offender may circulate a petition unless the person is in the employ of and under the immediate supervision of another person and under circumstances with preclude any contact with children (SDCL 12-1-32 through -34). Initiative. 6; 6.1). Limited to matters that can be enacted by legislation, and no measures that interfere with the legislatures ability to direct taxation of necessary revenues. Laws providing for tax levies; appropriations for the current expenses of the state government and state institutions; and emergency laws necessary for the immediate preservation of the public peace, health or safety.
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