dynamic planet science olympiad 2021 quizlet

science olympiad dynamic planet oceanography notes. Because it has nowhere else to go, it starts flowing horizontally until it reaches an opening and water comes out as a spring. what is the deepest part of the ocean called? The key answer is that the shape of the gyre is determined by whether the winds torque the water in a clockwise or in a counterclockwise direction. The ice itself is habitat for animals such as seals, Arctic foxes, polar bears, and penguins., Life thrives along the margins of sea ice, as melting and freezing enhance circulation and bring nutrients to the surface. +temperature =non-biodegradable trash and plastic The topic changes from year to year. The temperature is constant at just above freezing. *ZTQ!%*e,w8z2yACs[N#t}NZt>?.9,$#_5c small river or stream that flows in to a larger river or stream; a branch of the river, a land area that channels rainfall and snowmelt to creeks, streams, and rivers, and eventually to outflow points. E sZZ/GntHZVpL+FpAE_c(^`dOj"P.LW%zc>9 a7%SjR the movement of water through the biosphere, Release of harmful materials into the environment, the contamination of the atmosphere by the introduction of pollutants from human and natural sources, the addition of any substance that has a negative effect on water or the living things that depend on the water, The contamination of land by both solid and hazardous waste, pollutants being added to soil by agricultural runoffs, unclean technology, waste disposal. All rights reserved. Microscopic, free-floating, autotrophic plant organisms that function as producers in aquatic ecosystems, An organism that gets its food from light, An organism that feeds on dying organisms, a moving ridge on the surface of the water. A result of constructive and destructive interference that is seen on shore when waves do not all appear with a uniform size. Sensors being designed or upgraded for use either on research vessels or buoys include those to measure surface temperature, air temperature, wind speed and direction, barometric pressure, solar and long- wave radiation, humidity, and precipitation. In 1934, Edward A. Doisy of Washington University extracted 3000 lb of hog ovaries to isolate a few milligrams of pure estradiol, a potent female hormone. (b the sorted material deposited by a stream, Are formed by the chemical and mechanical action of the wind, strong winds that pick up large quantities of dust, sediment deposited in a stream channel, along a stream bank, or on a floodplain, areas of land that have been eroded by water and are always U or V shaped, measure the stream channel shape, monitor the velocity and the water level, underground water that is held in the soil and in previous rocks, upper soil layers that hold both air and water, zone where all open spaces in sediment and rock are completely filled with water, the top of the saturated zone and is completely filled with water, the volume of open spaces in rock or soil, Ability of rock or soil to allow water to flow through it, caves, speleothems (stalactites and stalagmites), sinkholes, springs, a naturally formed underground chamber or series of chambers most commonly produced by solution activity in limestone, a large surface crater caused by the collapse of an underground channel or cavern; often triggered by groundwater withdrawal. a type of alluvial fan with a steep slope, closer to the shape of a half-cone than a flat fan. NNw3v"wWQsdgJNqJ 4y $,>=kzGj0,Qa*rQag#? what is produced when a crustal plate moves over a stationary hot spot? What is a gyre? a time of no current, occurs at high and low tides when current change direction, water rushing into an enclosed area because of the rise in sea level as a tide crest approaches. a spring whose water flows from a crack in the cap rock over the aquifer. what is the type of wind driven wave that is found in large bays or semi enclosed areas? +evaporation = 90% of water vapor Patterns in which water drains: dendritic (dentrites), trellis (like in farming), rectangular (like those sand shaking things), and radial (run down the mountain). 38 0 obj The concentration of salt in seawater is about 35 parts per thousand. Sound is also used for geophysical exploration of the seafloor and the layers beneath it. Tel: 630-792-1251Sitemap, CareerOneStop - Hydrologists Career Video, STEMConnector - Saving the Planet is STEM (e-book). deep ocean water generally has high amounts of what element? Water rushing out of an enclosed harbor or bay because of the fall in sea level as a tide trough approaches. a body of rock and/or sediment that holds groundwater. Determine the molecular formula of estradiol. This zone is saturated with water. Multibeam bathymetric systems available on some of the larger UNOLS vessels generally consist of two instrument arrays attached to the ship's hull. Acoustic systems also allow remote estimates of organism biomass, individual sizes, and numbers of animals present in the water column. Where is a semidesert most likely to be found? A natural source of water formed when water from an aquifer moves up to the ground surface. The sea surface temperature ranges from as high as 97F (36C) in the Persian Gulf, to 28F (-2C) near the north pole. a wave in which water oscillates without causing progressive wave forward movement. A sudden, violent flood that occurs within a few hours, or even minutes, of a storm. a crack in the earth's crust resulting from the displacement of one side with respect to the other. These are usually found along hillsides and cliffs. Acoustic tomography employs the effect of temperature on the speed of sound in seawater (sound travels faster in warmer water) to record temperature profiles over long ocean transects. there is no net transmission of energy in a standing wave, the regular rise and fall of the ocean's surface influenced by the moon's gravity pulling on earth. Dynamic Planet Electric Vehicle ** Experimental Design* Fast Facts * Flight Forestry Green Generation Meteorology * Mission Possible ** Road Scholar* Rocks & Minerals Roller Coaster Solar Power ** Solar System Sounds of Music* Storm the Castle Sunny Day Flooding ** Wheeled Vehicle Write It, Do It A collaborative effort of scientists from several oceanographic institutions aims to provide accurate measurements at this interface particularly for the World Ocean Circulation Experiment (WOCE). Trajectories of individual floats show how the water moves horizontally, and trajectories of groups of floats show how the water is mixed by eddies. stream Operates: At any depth on a cable or line with a messenger stream or river which has a constant stream year-round during years of normal rainfall. ((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((( X" c !1AQa"q2U#BRVbr67fstu$3CS5Tc%&8d4DE' ? The Dynamic Planet Quiz Book offers two, one for each Division, short 29 question tests built from questions asked at previous National Tournaments. =sedimentation An ROV can explore, take photographs, collect samples, or handle instruments, operating around the clock for many consecutive days. how can a swimmer keep away from gettin ginto a rip current? Campus Box 8211 Notes: May need a few tugs to get a sample in water less than 20 feet deep, Samples: Bottom sediments without disturbing the layering When the water level in an area is rising, its called a _____, when the water level in an area is falling, its called a _____ tide. -from fires (wild and non) "h5'*i# N~E}hP 7KEQ ?UEGg*+&76~UR~59T\ << /BitsPerComponent 8 /ColorSpace /DeviceRGB /ColorTransform 0 /Filter /DCTDecode /Height 600 /Subtype /Image /Type /XObject /Width 900 /Length 63000 >> A steep incline of the ocean floor leading down from the edge of the continental shelf. l*IPQtw%0IPq:@ G>olu. what does destructive interference result in? =number of years recorded / number of events, Zone in soil that is not saturated with water and that lies above the water table; the upper soil layers that hold both air and water Operates: At the surface by hand These are the fastest flowing boundary currents. The distance and direction that a wave travels, The type of animal to most likely live on a sandy beach, A common toxic substance found on all muddy beaches. +A spring where groundwater seeps out at the surface. A wave of moving energy in which the wave form moves in one direction along the surface of the transmission medium. A body of water that is surrounded by land it can be fresh water or salt water. In these boundary currents, the flow is from East to West or West to East. What is a beach? The GMOA Notes also apply to most Dynamic Planet topics. the slope of the water table; the driving force that causes groundwater to move in the direction of maximum decreasing total head. Interaction with the wind keeps this layer mixed and thus allows the heat from the sun to be distributed vertically. what are waves that break along the shore that form a curling crest over an air pocket called? Chambers are then inserted into the sediment and sealed to isolate portions of the bottom from surrounding seawater. High score wins. << /Pages 63 0 R /Type /Catalog >> the only light at this depth, and lower, comes from the bioluminescence of the animals themselves. Scientists created three-dimensional images of Earth's interior by combining information from many earthquakes using an approach similar to computed tomography (CT) scanning. These waves are the first to form when the wind blows. Division B/C Division B only Division C only Astronomy. 1. The CTD is one kind of profiler - that is, it descends through the water column making continuous measurements. endobj Fe2+^{2+}2+ ion). c. The study of transport across oceans d. The worst event in Science Olympiad 2. Almost microscopic algae and animals that are carried by current and waves. ,1B jAqBh4 ht[4 EiI# yP(Q *:{PZ ~fh oGBJ,Qu"7Pr(g+ The following table is the list of topics by year. These waves have a wavelength greater than 1.73cm. +oxygen levels. Here is another useful resource: https://science.nasa.gov/earth-science/oceanography/physical-ocean/currents, https://www.noaa.gov/education/resource-collections/ocean-coasts-education-resources/ocean-currents. Horizontal distance between two consecutive wave crests or wave troughs, Vertical distance between a wave crest and an adjacent wave trough. A breaking wave whose crest slides down the face of the wave. A channel that is divided into smaller channels by temporary islands called eyots. << /Linearized 1 /L 392755 /H [ 859 222 ] /O 41 /E 78972 /N 11 /T 392264 >> dynamic equilibrium A system in a steady state since forward reaction and backward reaction occur at the same rate; the rate of loss is equal to the rate of gain. JFIF C Currents meters, which may employ rotors, electric fields, acoustic/electromagnetic techniques, or acoustic Doppler profiling to track water motion, are often deployed on moorings. Qtf _|3R?jRHa(MI However, the connection between the atmosphere and ocean (atmospheric circulations and wind driving ocean surface currents) is one key thing (see explanation above). slows the movement of water and increases evaporation from reservoirs; may hold water back, store water, control flooding, and generate electricity. der Berliner Zoo. The pressure in this zone is extreme and at depths of 13,100 feet (4,000 meters), reaches over 5850 pounds per square inch. Dmm}W.-22N\jT+bL*aBO;jke>9Rp{*u*? Miniaturization in electronics now allows scientists to put computers of increasing sophistication in pressure cases and send them down several thousand meters to control a variety of instruments. Z:* >f:,4)| H+bGz`Pp)g$~*3D~ a9jG>Z$|T'0PWC_z_iPH@ QcLrmqq Typically seawater has close to 35 g of dissolved salts in each L - this is written as 35. Science Olympiad tournaments emphasize teamwork, problem solving, and hands-on learning practices. A single wave crest much higher than usual caused by constructive interference. << /Type /XRef /Length 73 /Filter /FlateDecode /DecodeParms << /Columns 5 /Predictor 12 >> /W [ 1 3 1 ] /Index [ 37 39 ] /Info 51 0 R /Root 39 0 R /Size 76 /Prev 392265 /ID [] >> +pH A form of erosion that deepens a channel by removing material from a stream's bed or a valley's floor. Operates: At any depth on a cable or line with a messenger that makes bottle rotate 180 degrees while trapping water and closing Eddies can form. A mathematical equation stating that a volume of water, passing through a specified area of material at a given time, depends on the material's permeability and hydraulic gradient. =mining In addition to the resources on theEvent Supervisors page, Dynamic Planet Event Supervisors should be sure to use the following resources: 1999-2022 Science Olympiad Inc., a 501(c)(3) non-profit A deep, steep sided canyon on the ocean floor. =marine dumping Check out https://oceanservice.noaa.gov/facts/sofar.html as one place to start. There is a nick point here. Most ions are used by organisms and remove from the water, others are not used and are left for a long time where their concentration increases over time. An area where fresh water from streams and rivers spill into the ocean. A delta formed in that area of a river mouth which is affected by sea tides. A. Flotation holds the instruments and their tether line upright in the water column and brings them to the surface on release. Movement of saltwater into freshwater aquifers in coastal and inland areas as groundwater is discharged/withdrawn faster than it is recharged by processes like precipitation. A large stream of moving water that flows through the oceans. Aboard the ship, a flow cytometer may be used to analyze particles in the form of single-celled organisms for optical properties indicative of their physiology and structure. Welcome to Dynamic Planet! They disrupt a waterway's ability to support vital ecosystems, have led to the extinction of many fish and other aquatic species, the disappearance of birds in floodplains, huge losses of forest, wetland and farmland, erosion of coastal deltas, and many other unmitigable impacts. A branch of science which studies the physical and biological properties of the oceans. Three quarters of the area of the deep ocean floor lies in this zone. The rain that falls on the land contains some dissolved carbon dioxide from the surrounding air, this causes the rainwater to be slightly acidic due to carbonic acid (which forms from carbon dioxide and water) as rain erodes rock, acids in rain water break down rock, this process creates ions, or electrically charged atomic particals. 715 Barbour Dr a stream system that resembles the pattern of a branching tree, a pattern in which the tributaries join the main stream at right angles. These springs slowly let water out through loose soil or rock and are often found in land depressions or low in valleys. +temperature You can find free online copies of the current rules for download on the2023 Rules pageof theScience Olympiad website. a condition in which untreated sewage is discharged from a sanitary sewer into the environment prior to reaching sewage treatment facilities. emissions of gases, non-explosive lava emissions, extremely violent explosive bursts that last many hours; volcanic eruptions, a process by which glaciers form and spread; the forming, existence, or movement of glaciers over the surface of the earth. a river or stream that flows into the lake, precipitation that falls into a lake, or groundwater recharge of a lake. Near the equator, the tropics receive lots of rain constantly, which helps decrease the salinity of the surface water in that region. reaction., Select the correct answer, and write it on the line provided. = average water velocity * volume of pre-determined crosss-section -is the volume of water passing through a measuring point in a river at a given time, the amount of sediment that a river or stream carries, an overflowing of water in a normally dry area. New Business Models. endobj This change in the suns position from winter to summer means that more energy's reaching the ocean and therefore warms the water. ..spread non-biodegradable materials and air pollutants around the world. a habitat where freshwater meets saltwater. the area of the ocean beyond the edge of the continental shelf. Due to the warmth of the water, the molecules are slightly expanded in this region. *GHQumI ( p:7+ iO)8A2I7 Z! Michelle Provost-Craig, Susan J. The addition of wave energy as waves meet producing larger waves. These boundary currents move warm water from the equator towards the poles. -from volcanoes Towards the polls, freshwater from melting ice decreases the surface salinity once again. FyQafhUi41Gd*+{ -#+># 18Q|`j/JP0ICUFQa~18E`"F H Chloride, Sodium, Sulfate, Magnesium, Calcium, Potassium, Bicarbonate, and Bromine. ubsurface moorings are also used to suspend settling plates above the deep-sea floor to collect larval forms of benthic animals. A drainage pattern in which streams follow a roughly circular or concentric path along a belt of weak rock, resembling in plan a ringlike pattern. =the Pacific Garbage Patch, =excessive agriculture Some images used in this set are licensed under the Creative Commons through Flickr.com.Click to see the original works with their full license. Required Materials: Each team may bring one 2 or smaller three-ring binder measured by the interior diameter of the rings. Sidescan sonar offers profiles of rock outcroppings and sediment surfaces at ranges up to several kilometers. Circular flow pattern of water caused by deflection of water by continents and the ocean basin. New Business Models: exploring scenarios for cost reduction, revenue generation, and technology integration. ]zT8S %HFO$e@ An area of waterlogged soil that tends to be peaty; fed mainly by upwelling water; low productivity. Dynamic Planet Science Olympiad 2021 Flashcards | Quizlet Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Ocean basins, Sediment, Oceanic heat budget and more. If so, what determines any shape to gyres in the oceans? +change in x over change in y but in topo map terms, The lowest level to which a stream can erode or running water can flow (the part of the slide where a kid starts to slow down - the flattened bottom), the flat, wide area of land along a river; an area that is subject to natural flooding from an adjoining waterway, cut bank, point bar, oxbow lake, natural levee, & backswamp (see images). The acoustic Doppler technique and acoustic backscattering also have potential for measuring the biomass of animals that reflect the sound signals. physically deposited particles derived from weathered rocks, streams move sediments acquired from mass wasting, overland flow, and groundwater. The reference level (0.0) from which tidal height is measured. the earth magnetic polarity sometimes______, the process by which collision of the earth's crustal plates results in one plate's being drawn down or overridden by another, localized along the juncture of two plates, two tectonic plates moving towards each other, two tectonic plates sliding past one another. q Topographic Features of Continental Margins. New methods for this kind of sampling are being developed in order to reduce station time. A region where water temperature decreases rapidly with increasing depth, and a transition layer between the mixed layer at the surface and deeper water. A mathematical equation stating that a volume of water, passing through a specified area of material at a given time, depends on the material's permeability and hydraulic gradient. endobj the circular motion of water molecules extends to a depth that is equal to___? relias learning exam answers quizlet; havanna ginger black dick; id security online. what happens if a swimmer gets caught in a rip current? A depression produced in a region where soluble rock has been removed by groundwater, A kind of sinkhole that forms when water dissolves the surface rock, creating a depression; they occur in areas where limestone is exposed at the surface or is covered by thin layers of soil or sand. Receipt of data in "real time," that is, as it is being taken, enables researchers to monitor the performance of equipment in the field (and send a ship to service it, if necessary), to make decisions about an experiment underway, and to distribute data quickly. Notes: Is made of brass and will bend if used to sample a rocky bottom, Samples: Rocky bottoms These tides result in little variation in the height of tides. Progessing groups of swell with the same origin and wave length are known as this. S;xMx /S Water gets pulled down through the ground until it reaches a layer it can't penetrate. D. Cycle D crosses the finish line. +transpiration = 10% of water vapor, the emission of water vapor from the leaves of plants, The water stored in the soil. The area from low-tide to the edge of the continental shelf. Welcome to Dynamic Planet! They provide data from both descent and ascent. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Ocean basins, Sediment, Oceanic heat budget and more. the maximum load of sediment that a given body of water, ice, wind, etc. Interactions between surface and groundwater. surface salinity of seawater is ______ (above or below) average where precipitation is high and many rivers flow into the ocean, surface salinity of seawater is going to be ______(above or below) average in desert areas where evaporation rates are high, In polar areas during the winter, the salinity of water under the sea ice_________, as pure water cools from 20 degrees C to 4 degrees C, its densitiy, A zone with a rapid change in temperature with depth, true or false: water temperature from 300 meters deep to the ocean bottom is relatively uniform, When you pour cold water down the side of a glass of warm water, the cold water will, When you add salt to water, its boiling point_____ and its freezing point_____, when surface currents converge, the area where the water sinks is called a_____, type of current where waves strike the shore at a slight angle (runs roughly parallel to the shoreline), the swimmer would be carried out to sea, away from the shore. Teams will be presented with data, charts/graphs, pictures or diagrams and/or written descriptions. More precise sampling may be accomplished using a submersible with robotic arms or a remotely operated vehicle equipped with television so that the area where the rock was found can be described in detail. Gyres in balance between gravity and the Coriolis Effect. When one river 'robs' another of its water (see image), wetlands that form as rivers empty their water and sediment into another body of water. The official rules in the current Rules Manual take precedence. Where is the Tropic of Capricorn located? when the level of water within the rock or soil underground rises; water table rises to reach ground level and water starts to seep through to the surface and flooding can happen.

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