from the cape to cairo cartoon analysis

In this French cartoon from a special issue titled, La Guerre (War), a missionary and a Red Cross representative lament the violent and un-Christian behavior of Westerners overseas. Co., Puck Bldg. Co., Puck Bldg. Our Civilized Heathen. From the Cape to Cairo (1900 edition) | Open Library 1898, Donaldson Litho Co. Following its victory over China in the Sino-Japanese War of 1894-95, Japan had the heady experience of being welcomed into the imperialist circle. The weekly magazine Judge, a rival to Puck that was published from 1881 to 1947, opened 1899 with a barbed rendering of the Anglo nations gorging on the globe. Backed by the formidable Royal Navy, Britain could maintain a policy of splendid isolation independent of European alliances for much of the century. In the September 28, 1901 issue, artist Jean Veber excoriated the shameful subject of the concentration camps British forces used to weaken Boer resistance in the Anglo-Boer War of 18991902. Explain your reasoning. China in Convulsion. Please use: Dr. Beasleys Calendar to book appointment times. I relegated an escort. Illustration shows Britannia carrying a large white flag labeled "Civilization" with British soldiers and colonists behind her, advancing on a horde of natives, one carrying a flag labeled "Barbarism". The caption, "From the Cape to Cairo. U.S. regiments were transported from the Philippines to join the Allied force. In this 1898 cartoon, Britannia (Great Britain) welcomes Columbia (the United States) as an estranged daughter and new imperialist partner. The war with the Boers (who were ethnically Dutch and Afrikaans-speaking) took place in the South African Republic (Transvaal) and Orange Free State. But rivalries for commercial privileges never abated even when an eight-nation Allied military force was forged between the world powers in the summer of 1900. White man's burden--1900-1910, - Source:Bibliothque nationale de France, In this cartoon from the French special issue on concentration camps in the Boer War, a gaunt Britannia is the only living creature in a vast graveyard for dead British soldiers. Women and children were included among the Boer prisoners of the British. The cartoon links might with right, as the cannon is pushed and dragged forward by clergy identified by their headgear: skullcap, biretta, clerical hat, top hat, and distinctive English-style shovel hat. Le Silence (Concentration Camps in the Transvaal. America in the China Relief Expedition(Kansas City: Hudson-Kimberly publishing company, 1903). What imperialist practices are you rallying against (taking of raw materials, manipulation of trade, colonialism, violence, etc.)? England, a caricature, multiples hands over countries, Top hat, 2000s stereotypical villain, water, lands countries. Japan is introduced in this 1899 cartoon as the lone Asian nation in the imperialist circle of world powers. Given the rhetoric of civilizing uplift used to justify expansion, training was expected as part of the incorporation of new territories into the U.S. advise you in both how to fill out a call slip and when the item can be served. Shortly after Kiplings poem appeared, the consistently anti-imperialist Life fired back with a decidedly different view of the white mans burden on its March 16, 1899 cover: a cartoon that showed the foreign powers riding on the backs of their colonial subjects. Under the American flag, patriotic words end with a question mark: Tis the Star-Spangled Banner, Oh! Brown, Arthur Judson. Some of the poorest provinces in the north were further stressed by a destructive combination of flooding and prolonged drought. That dragon must be killed before our troubles can be adjusted. Source: Widener Library, Harvard University. Civilization and trade went hand in hand in turn-of-the-century imperialism. The White Mans Burden (Apologies to Rudyard Kipling). Victor Gillam,Judge, April 1, 1899. The dignity of the bereaved Filipino in this cartoon is a stark contrast to the usual demeaning stereotypes of half devil and half child that Kipling endorsed and many cartoonists reinforced. In the popular imagination the Cape-to-Cairo railway of the future presented itself as a continuous line of railway . [Read Online]. Gillams sub-caption is All this for politicsis civilization advancing?. In 1901, occupation forces roamed the countryside to pillage, loot, and hunt for Boxers. Contemporary wars in the Philippines and Transvaal (the Boer War) comprise the foreground of the Think It Over battlefield. All Missionaries and Converts Being Exterminated. All of the hastily organized camps, for whites and blacks alike, had inadequate accommodations, wretched sanitation, and unreliable food supplies, leading to tens of thousands of deaths from disease and starvation. The White Mans Burden (Apologies to Rudyard Kipling) (detail). We had no design of aggrandizement and no ambition of conquest. Boxers practiced spirit-possession rituals, often meeting in Buddhist temples, and attacked Christian missionaries and Chinese converts. Source:The Ohio State University Cartoon Research Library. In the U.S., the 1860s Civil War generated suspicion that neutral Britain covertly supported the Confederacy. After Many Years. https://www.loc.gov/item/2010652189/. Although usually associated with the pro-expansionist proponents of civilization and progress, Puck on occasion turned a discerning eye on the double standards of Americas so-called noble mission in the Philippines and China. From the Cape to Cairo / Keppler. Dr Natheem Jacobs was stabbed at his home in Garlandale, Athlone. | Print shows Chauncey M. Depew and Robert G. Ingersoll, each in the arms of the other, pointing to quotations attributed to them that justify American imperialist activities 1 print : chromolithograph. Rus. In this rendering, progresseconomic, technological, and culturalis spread through global military aggression. Africa is the setting. What were the effects on China, as portrayed in the cartoon? Date 1902 December 10. "MOJ 75-A 495": intended for microfilm. Jean Veber,LAssiette au Beurre, September 28, 1901. Copyright 1902 by Keppler & Schwarzmann. The banners of both side pronounce fidelity to the golden rule., Boxer banner (Chinese forces flags): Do not do unto others what you would not that others should do unto you. The U.S. follows Britains imperial lead carrying people from Barbarism at the base of the hill to Civilization at its summit. From Cape to Cairo: An African Odyssey - Goodreads The Cape to Cairo Railway was an unfinished project to create a railway line crossing Africa from south to north. Copyright 1902 by Keppler & Schwarzmann. Caption: Though the process be costly, the road to progress must be cut. The two allies had been embroiled in lengthy wars with costly and devastating effects on the populations in Africa and Asia. Western missionaries had penetrated the interior, and the missions they established disrupted village traditions. A rescue expedition made up of troops from eight nations, under the command of the British Vice-Admiral Edward Seymour, left Tianjin for Beijing. If only black-and-white ("b&w") sources are listed and you desire a copy showing Do the Access Advisory or Call Number fields above indicate that a non-digital surrogate exists, Written by the French Africanist and . McKinley also mentions profit, free trade, and the open door in Asia: Incidental to our tenure in the Philippines is the commercial opportunity to which American statesmanship cannot be indifferent. The words "Striding from Cape Town to Cairo . White man's burden--1900-1910, - In the French cartoon Leur rve (Their dream), the globe is portrayed as a victim carried on a stretcher. Lifes satire of the white mans burden mystique offers a procession of the supporters of the new imperialism beginning with missionaries and ending with the traveling salesman. As the caption indicates, this cover illustration dismisses charges of imperialism that critics directed against American expansion at the turn of the century.Harpers Weekly took pride in billing itself as A Journal of Civilization. The barbarians depicted here are Chinese Boxers who committed atrocities against Christian missionaries. record ("About This Item") with your request. available, often in the form of a digital image, a copy print, or microfilm. Imperialism in the Asia-Pacific,published originally inPeace Review10:3, pp. From 1899 to 1902, the U.S. and Great Britain each became mired in colonial wars that were more vicious and long-lasting than expected. J. Ottman Lithographic Company, Printer, and Udo J Keppler. The Forbidden Book: The Philippine-American War in Political Cartoons(San Francisco: TBoli Pub. The title of the cartoon calls attention to the barbarous uses of much modern technology and so-called progress., les prisonniers bors ont t runis en de grands enclos o depuis 18 mois ils trouvent le repos et le calme. Oer The Land of the Free and the Home of the Brave? In The Pigtail Has Got to Go, a white-robed goddess wears a star that radiates over a Chinese mandarin. Most viewers will probably agree that there is nothing really comparable in the contemporary world of political cartooning to the drafting skill and flamboyance of these single-panel graphics, which appeared in such popular periodicals as Puck and Judge. 5:00 at 202-707-6394, and Press 3. Citing Primary Sources. "Major Grogan's Moves," EAS (15 November 1919), 7. The campaign met with fierce resistance and saw the introduction of concentration camps as an extreme maneuver against the Boer defenders. such as microfilm or copy prints? In this activity, you will first analyze political cartoons about imperialism, and then create your own anti-imperialist cartoon. 1900) and starlight from a goddess of civilization. Just as a thousand years ago the Huns under their King Attila made a name for themselves, one that even today makes them seem mighty in history and legend, may the name German be affirmed by you in such a way in China that no Chinese will ever again dare to look cross-eyed at a German. Language. Opposing the British were the Mahdists, followers of the deceased Muhammad Ahmad al-Mahdi (d. 1885) who was a Sudanese political and religious leader of mixed Arab and African descent. The Laureate of Empire.Raritan: A Quarterly Review. N.Y.: J. Ottmann Lith. T Time A Action A man stand up over a land C Caption The Rhodes Colossus Striding from Cape Town to Cairo O Objects A giant man, boots, land, a hat, clouds a gun, uniform. Ask A Librarian service or call the reading room between 8:30 and 8, Issue 4, pp. In the eyes of the West, China was dangerously close to chaos as the new century began. Library of Congress Duplication Services. The aggressors brought progress in the form of modern technology, communications, and Western dress and culture. Transatlantic dimensions of the American Anti-Imperialist Movement, 1899-1909.Journal of Transatlantic Studies. In Vebers rendering of Les Progrs de la Science (The Advancement of Science), Boer prisoners of war are being shocked by an electric fence to the amusement of British troops on the other side. Jones, Toby Craig. President McKinley at the Conference of Foreign Missions. The fallen man clasps the flag of the Philippine independence movement, inscribed with the words Give Us Liberty. His hat quotes the most famous phrase in the U.S. (The exception would be Manchuria, alternating between Russian and Japanese control in the coming years.) Heine used the pages of Simplicissimusto denounce the atrocious conduct of Prussian troops during the Allied intervention in China, where the German forces obviously took to heart Wilhelm IIs exhortation to show no mercy. An iron railing through which an electric current runs is the healthiest and safest of fences. On June 21 the Empress Dowager Cixi declared war on the Allied nations. It was feared that the mystical rituals and xenophobic violence of the Yi He Tuan (Boxer) secret society would overwhelm Chinas ineffectual rulers, cast the country into chaos, and hinder the trade and profits anticipated by the great powers. But just take a look at the class ahead of you, and remember that, in a little while, you will feel as glad to be here as they are!. It Ought to be a Happy New Year. The screen in the cartoon may refer to the early films that fed public fascination with China and the Boxer crisis, including Edisons recreation of the Bombardment of Taku Forts by the Allied Fleets (1900, view in the Library of Congress) and a four-minute British production that staged the murder of a missionary by Boxers called Attack on a China Mission (1900). Cartoons endorsing imperialist expansion depicted a beneficent West as father, teacher, even Santa Clausbearing the gifts of progress to benefit poor, backward, and childlike nations destined to become profitable new markets. Miller, Bonnie M. The Image-Makers' Arsenal in an Age of War and Empire, 1898 1899: A Cartoon Essay, Featuring the Work of Charles Bartholomew (of theMinneapolis Journal)and Albert Wilbur Steele (of theDenver Post). Journal of American Studies, 45, pp 53-75 (Cambridge University Press). the Library of Congress because of rights considerations, but you have access to larger size images on 1900. Caption: Though the process be costly, the road to progress must be cut. The Rhodes Colossus - Striding from Cape Town to Cairo London: Hurst and Blackett, 1900. The British people had a long history of supporting imperial wars and as the conflict escalated, criticism in cartoon form declined and was supplanted by patriotic messages. However, brutally repressive policies followed that included accusations of genocide. Vuitton Travel & Luxury Lifestyle curates the Great North Road tour, a 22-day trek starting in Cape Town, taking guests from one natural and historic wonder to the next, and ending up in Cairo . Wake / J. Ottmann Lith. S Summary is a official man just stand up over a land. It allows prisoners to enjoy the view from the outside and have the illusion of freedom (Official Report to the War Office. After Allied forces were dispatched to relieve the sieges in Tianjin and Beijing, however, it did not take long before news reports and complementary visual commentary began to take note of barbaric conduct on both sides of the conflict. Imperialists Uncle Sam, John Bull, Kaiser Wilhelm, and, in the distance, probably France are borne on the backs of subjugated people in the Philippines, India, and Africa. Co., Puck Bldg. (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1938). By the end of 1898, a succession of U.S. military successes and territorial acquisitions reinforced the image of the United States standing side by side with Great Britain in bringing civilization and peace to the world. Name: Grady Lentz Rhodes cartoon analysis Figure 1.4: Imperialist, explorer and businessman Rhodes as a. The full sardonic irony of the rendering, however, resides in the dead occupants of the graves. Vol. To the Person Sitting in Darkness addressed Great Britains Boer War as well as the Philippine conquest and Boxer intervention. 1900. Expansionism promulgated under the banner of civilization could not escape being carried out in global military campaigns, referred to as the savage wars of peace in the third stanza: Such avowed paternalism towards other cultures recast the invasion of their lands as altruistic service to humankind. The caption quotes one of the presidents speeches: Teaching them the truth of the common fatherhood of God and the brotherhood of man, and showing that if we are not our brothers keepers we can be our brothers helpers. L'humanit de nos soldats est admirable et ne se lasse pas malgr la frocit des Bors (Rapport officiel au War Office. Theodore Roosevelt Digital Library. History of Animation in Egypt. A tiny female China peers at the scene from behind a wall. Relatively free from European rivalries and well situated to become a transoceanic partner, the U.S. was courted for the role. In May 1900, for example, artist William Bengough scathingly debunked a speech by President McKinleyonce again justifying the U.S. actions in taking of the Philippines by forceby depicting him as a parson standing on the face of a dead Filipino. Foreign buildings and churches were torched and the Beijing-Tianjin railway and telegraph lines were dismantled, cutting communication with the capital. | Illustration shows Britannia carrying a large white flag labeled "Civilization" with British soldiers and colonists behind her, advancing on a horde of natives, one carrying a flag labeled "Barbarism". This ca. A number of critical cartoons of the time addressed the unsavory behavior of the civilizers themselves, and the disparity between doctrine and actions. Having purchased the Philippines from Spain per the Treaty of Paris for $20 million, the Americans then had to fight Filipino resisters to benevolent assimilation. The Philippine-American War dragged on with a large number of Filipino fatalities, shocking Americans unused to foreign wars. Its colonies were acquired through purchase, agreements with other world powers, and economic domination. China, shown gripping a schoolbook in the doorway, has not yet entered the scene. Source:Library of Congress. In one of the most lasting images of the conflict, the legation quarter in Beijingoverflowing with some 900 foreign diplomats, their families, and soldiers, along with some 2,800 Chinese Christianswas put to siege. Whoever falls into your hands is forfeited. What are the motivations/justifications for this anti-imperialism? Americas recent subjugated populations are savage, unruly, and rebelliousliterally visually half devil and half child, as Kipling would have it. In its final issue for 1899a time when the U.S. suppression of Filipino resistance was at its peakPuck turned to a feel-good holiday graphic to reaffirm this theme of the bounty promised to newly invaded countries and peoples. Having defeated China in 189495, Japan is presented by Columbia (the U.S.) to her closest ally, Britannia (Great Britain). | Print shows John Bull reclining on luggage labeled "J.B." and boxes of "War Supplies" and "Commissary Supplies" at the "Hotel Egypt" where an Egyptian man is hanging 1 print : chromolithograph. By the spring of 1900, Boxer attacks were spreading toward the capital city of Beijing. Reference staff can | The Boer War Remembered.The Journal of Historical Review, Vol. And Peace Shall Rule. Udo Keppler,Puck, May 3, 1899. No blow has been struck except for liberty and humanity, and none will be.William McKinley. W. A. Rogers,Harpers Weekly, July 28, 1900. (doi:10.1080/14650040802275644). ), yesterday we took important commandos. Ricard, Serge. Britain is digesting China, Egypt, Australia, Africa, Canada, and India. to our monthly Newsletter to learn and link to the content of each issue. LC-DIG-ppmsca-25696 (digital file from original print). He has been a contributing editor to Wired, Discover . Please use the following steps to determine whether you need to fill out a call slip in the Prints In the final years of the Civil War, U.S. naval power was second only to the great seafaring empire of Great Britain. 13, No. Religion played a major role in the characterization of others as heathens in need of salvation through education, conversion, and civilizing in the ways of Christian culture. Illus. The phrase became a trope in articles and graphics dealing with imperialism and the advancement of Western civilization against barbariansor as the poem put it, Your new-caught sullen peoples, Half devil and half child.. Co., Puck Bldg. Keppler, Udo J., Artist. LC copy from Naimusho Keihokyoku censorship collection; classified as "annei" and banned. 12/29/2010, Contact Information | Rights & Permissions, This resource was created by scholars at the University of Chicago and funded by the Caption: Though the process be costly, the road to progress must be cut. As the cartoon record of these turn-of-the-century years repeatedly demonstrates, moreover, it was taken for granted by the imperialists that the people on whom they were bestowing the light of civilization were literallyand often grotesquelyof various shades of darker complexion. Source:Library of Congress. The dream reached its most audacious dimensions in Cecil Rhodes's ill-fated plans for a Cape-to-Cairo railway. The Maine had been dispatched to Cuba to support an indigenous insurrection against Spain. 5:00 at 202-707-6394, and Press 3. (1902) From the Cape to Cairo / Keppler. Dominated by full-page graphics, many issues were thematic visual essays developed by a single artist. The backdrop to the scene, a large Map of the United States and Neighboring Countries, attests to the new position the U.S. has taken in the world, with its overseas territories marked by U.S. flags. Anticipated U.S. exports appear on signs that advertise the rich market awaiting American manufacturers. Les Camps de Reconcentration au Transvaal. Cairo and Cape Town, the twin citadels of British power and presence in Africa. On the magazines cover for August 8, 1900, the familiar feminized and godlike personification of the West points at a slavering dragon, labeled Boxer, crawling over the wall of the capital city. (1902) From the Cape to Cairo / Keppler. 11 [-21]. This will help reinforce what youve already learned about imperialism and will give you more insight into both the minds of the imperialists as well as those who rejected this type of domination. In this mocking Life cartoon, a Chinese man with an overturned Bible at his feet laughs ironically at how both the Bible and Uncle Sam relish scenes of slaughter. 4, pp. The small print under this graphic quoted these lines from McKinleys speech: Teaching them the truth of the common fatherhood of God and the brotherhood of man, and showing that if we are not our brothers keepers we can be our brothers helpers., William! The Cape Town To Cairo Tour Remains One Of Travel's Pinnacle - Forbes Source: Widener Library, Harvard University, U.S. President William McKinley is depicted as a preacher standing on a dead Filipino, grinding his heel into the mans face. The Ohio State University Billy Ireland Cartoon Library & Museum, CGACGA, The Ohio State University Billy Ireland Cartoon Library & Museum, Theodore Roosevelt Center at Dickinson State University, CGACGA, The Ohio State University, Billy Ireland Cartoon Library & Museum, William H. Walker Cartoon Collection, Princeton University Library, The Ohio State University Cartoon Research Library. ), Is This Imperialism?: the Boxer Uprising. The Native: Ever since my home was burned to the ground and my wife and children shot. Frederick Thompson Richards,Life, October 18, 1900. It would have been the largest and most important railway of that continent. This video provides an in depth analysis of a GCSE History cartoon from the event surrounding the signing of the Treaty of Versailles (after WW1). Who, they asked, was the real barbarian? Numbers 14-15 and 18-20 wanting. The message suggests that the indigenous man will be brought out of ignorance through the inescapable march of progress in the form of Western civilization. In often searing graphics, they challenged the complacent propagandists for Western expansion by addressing (and illustrating) a devastating question about the savage wars of peace. Keppler, Udo J., Artist. Progress was promoted as an unassailable value that would bring the worlds barbarians into modern times for their own good and the good of global commerce. And, After All, the Philippines are Only the Stepping-Stone to China. Emil Flohri,Judge, ca.